Fig. 4

Detection of coronavirus DVGs by RT-PCR. (A) Diagram depicting the primer sets used for determining the synthesis of BCoV DVGs in Figures (B)-(C). (B)-(C) Detection of BCoV DVG synthesis at different time points of BCoV infection by RT-PCR. HRT-18 cells were infected with 0.1 MOI of BCoV followed by total cellular RNA collection at 2, 8, 24 and 48 and RT-PCR with primers shown in Figure (A). (D) Diagram depicting the primer sets used for determining the synthesis of MHV-A-59 DVGs in Figure (E). (E) Detection of DVGs by RT-PCR (lanes 2–4) from 3 individual mice at 3 days postinfection with MHV-A59. m, mock-infected cells or mice. bp, base-pair; M, DNA size marker; hpi, hours postinfection; sgm, sgmRNA N; gm, genome; 18 S, 18 S rRNA