Antiviral drugs arbidol and interferon alpha-1b contribute to reducing the severity of COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Primary outcome (time to severity) association with drug use

	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P-value
Age (years)	1.046 (1.026, 1.066)	3.1E-06
Sex (Female)	0.71 (0.43, 1.15)	0.17
Fever	2.77 (1.31, 5.85)	0.007
Cough	1.32 (0.81, 2.18)	0.26
Fatigue	1.24 (0.77, 2.00)	0.37
Respiratory symptom	1.34 (0.59, 3.05)	0.48
Cardiovascular disease history	3.91 (1.82, 8.38)	0.0004
Arbidol*	0.28 (0.084, 0.90)	0.033
Ribavirin	0.53 (0.24, 1.16)	0.11
IFN-α*	0.30 (0.15, 0.58)	0.0005
Lopinavir–ritonavir	0.54 (0.28, 1.01)	0.055

Survival analysis was performed to test the association between the primary outcome and drug use by the Cox proportional hazard model. Risk factors includes age, sex, clinical symptoms, disease history were adjusted

ISSN: 1743-422X