Fig. 4

Infection with street RABV strains activates the NF-κB signaling pathway in dog, human, and mouse brain tissues. a Representative graphs of IHC analysis of p-p65 in sections of dog and human brains naturally infected with the street RABV strains CGS-17 and CXZ-15. Uninfected dog brains served as the control group. The quantitative analysis results for the p-p65 signal density are shown on the right. ➔ indicates positive staining cells. b Representative graphs of IHC analysis of p-p65 in sections of mouse brains infected with CGS-17 and CXZ-15. Uninfected mouse brains served as the control group. Scale bars represent 50 μm. The quantitative analysis results for the p-p65 signal density are shown on the right. ➔ indicates positive staining cells. c Western blot analysis of mouse brain tissue infected with CGS-17 and CXZ-15. Blots were stained for p-p65, total p65, IκBα, and β-actin. The quantitative analysis results for the relative signal densities of p-p65, total p65, and IκBα after normalization to the signal density of β-actin are shown on the right. Each test was performed in triplicate. Graphical data represent the mean ± SD. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001