Fig. 5

Western blot analysis of BFDV CP expression. a Analysis of the effect of targeted BFDV CP localisation and BFDV cp gene amplification on expression. Protein was extracted on day 3 from N. benthamiana leaves. Expression of the CP in the cytoplasm (30.1 kDa), the chloroplast (36.0 kDa), ER (33.0 kDa) and secretion into the apoplast (32.3 kDa). Expression in the presence (+) or absence (−) DNA amplification of the cp was assessed in all cases. An equal amount of TSP was loaded into each lane and the CP was detected using anti-histidine antibody. M – prestained protein marker, P – positive control. b Analysis of BFDV CP expression comparing syringe versus vacuum infiltration of Agrobacterium. Negative controls were non-infiltrated plant leaves, leaves infiltrated with medium and NSs only. The presence (+) or absence (−) of each component is specified. TSP was extracted from leaf tissue harvested on day 4 post-infiltration. An equal volume of each sample was loaded into the lanes