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Table 2 Assessment of high risks associated with disease severity among 202 acute sporadic HEV inpatients from the east- coast area of Zhejiang Province, China, 2004–2017

From: Acute sporadic hepatitis E in the Zhejiang coastal area of China: a 14-year hospital-based surveillance study

Valuable

Non-severe cases (n = 100)

Severe cases (n = 102)

OR (95% CI)

P value

Demographic characteristics

 Age range (years)

23–80

24–83

/

 

 Mean age ± SD (years)

50.63 ± 12.51

51.91 ± 13.81

/

0.49d

 Sex ratio (male/female)

2.33 (70/30)

7.50 (90/12)

0.311 (0.149–0.651)

< 0.01a

 Educational level (<college) (%, n)

87.00 (87/100)

92.16 (94/102)

0.570 (0.225–1.440)

0.23a

 Smoker (%, n)

20.00% (20/100)

41.18% (42/102)

2.800 (1.493–5.252)

< 0.01a

 Alcohol user (%, n)

28.00% (28/100)

49.02% (50/102)

2.473 (1.379–4.434)

< 0.01a

 History of blood transfusion (%, n)

4.00% (4/100)

4.90% (5/102)

1.237 (0.322–4.747)

1.00b

 Hepatoxic medication (%, n)

11.00% (11/100)

13.73% (14/102)

1.287 (0.554–2.990)

0.56a

 Chronic liver diseases (%, n)

36.00% (36/100)

51.96% (53/102)

1.923 (1.094–3.378)

0.02a

 Hepatitis A

1.00% (1/100)

0 (0/102)

0.990 (0.971–1.010)

0.50b

 Hepatitis B

24.00% (24/100)

35.29% (36/102)

1.727 (0.936–3.188)

0.08a

 Hepatitis C

1.00% (1/100)

0 (0/102)

0.990 (0.971–1.010)

0.50b

 Liver cirrhosis

4.00% (4/100)

9.80% (10/102)

2.609 (0.790–8.612)

0.10a

 Fatty liver disease

4.00% (4/100)

7.84% (8/102)

2.043 (0.595–7.012)

0.25a

 Alcoholic liver disease

9.00% (9/100)

19.61% (20/102)

2.466 (1.063–5.720)

0.03a

 Hepatic carcinoma

1.00% (1/100)

2.94% (3/102)

3.000 (0.307–29.337)

0.62b

 Drug-induced hepatitis

1.00% (1/100)

0.98% (1/102)

0.980 (0.060–15.889)

1.00b

Chronic nonliver comorbidities (%, n)

  

/

0.75c

 No comorbidities

56.00% (56/100)

60.78% (62/102)

/

 

 1 comorbidity

27.00% (27/100)

23.53% (24/102)

/

 

 2 comorbidities

12.00% (12/100)

8.82% (9/102)

/

 

  ≥ 3 comorbidities

5.00% (5/100)

6.86% (7/102)

/

 

Disease progression

 Median days from onset to consultation

6 (0–39)

6 (0–24)

/

0.93c

 Median days from onset to admission

7 (1–49)

7 (2–38)

/

0.12c

 Median days from onset to confirmation

11.5 (4–54)

11 (4–43)

/

0.75c

 Median days from onset to discharge

27 (9–71)

36.5 (14–111)

/

< 0.001c

 Days hospitalized

18 (5–46)

26 (7–108)

/

< 0.001c

  1. Notes: Non-severe cases denote mild and moderate cases; SD standard deviation, a = Chi-square test; b = Fisher test; c = Non-parametric test; and d = T test in P value column; “/” denotes not available